Glossary Terms

1. Isothermal reversible reaction in which a liquid solution is converted into two or more intimately mixed solids on cooling, the number of solids formed being the same as the number of components in the system. 2. Alloy having the composition indicated by the eutectic point on an equilibrium diagram.

Cutting-fluid additives (chlorine, sulfur or phosphorus compounds) that chemically react with the workpiece material to minimize chipwelding. Good for high-speed machining. See cutting fluid.

Conversion of an ingot or billet into lengths of uniform cross section by forcing metal to flow plastically through a die orifice.

Flat surface, usually at right angles and adjacent to the ground hole.

Flat, round workholder with slots used to hold regular- or irregular-shaped stock. If stock is markedly asymmetrical, counterbalances may be needed to prevent vibration.

Milling cutter for cutting flat surfaces.

Form of milling that produces a flat surface generally at right angles to the rotating axis of a cutter having teeth or inserts both on its periphery and on its end face.

Preliminary “cleanup” operation that provides a true reference surface before beginning another operation.

Parts grouped by shape and size for efficient manufacturing.

Phenomenon leading to fracture under repeated or fluctuating stresses having a maximum value less than the tensile strength of the material. Fatigue fractures are progressive, beginning as minute cracks that grow under the action of the fluctuating stress.

Number of cycles of stress that can be sustained prior to failure under a stated test condition.

Ability of a tool or component to be flexed repeatedly without cracking. Important for bandsaw-blade backing.