LASER CUTTING MACHINE.
Rollomatic Inc.’s LaserSmart laser cutting/ablation machine is for producing PCD, PCBN and other superhard cutting tools, which have traditionally been produced via spark erosion and polish grinding processes. Laser cutting creates a superfine cutting edge and surface finish, and laser ablation allows tool geometry optimization, according to the company.
Rollomatic Inc.
Booth: N-7200.
HORIZONTAL MACHINING CENTER.
Doosan Infracore Machine Tools’ NHM5000 HMC accepts workpieces up to 33.5 "×43.3 ". The machine’s one-piece casting provides a rigid base for the table and column, and the bed is made of fine-grain Meehanite to dampen vibration and dissipate heat. A 25-hp, two-geared motor powers the 6,000-rpm spindle, which produces 704 ft.-lbs. of low-end torque. A refrigerated cooling system maintains a constant spindle temperature, regardless of ambient temperature or cutting conditions.
Doosan Infracore Machine Tools
Booth: S-8100.
MULTITASK MACHINE.
Amada Machine Tools America Inc.’s S-10 mill/turn machine has two turrets, with eight or 12 stations each, and one main spindle. A choice of gantry part loading, bar feeding or manual loading is available. The optional subspindle and reversing vise offer alternative ways to work both ends of a part in one loading. In coordination with the C-axis, each turret is independently capable of simultaneous 3-axis motion.
Amada Machine Tools America Inc.
Booth: S-8986.
TOOL GRINDER.
Star SU LLC’s PTG-6L 5-axis tool and cutter grinder is for producing, sharpening and reconditioning various cutting tools. The grinder has a six-station wheel pack, an integrated linear motor and direct-drive rotary technology. It also features a traveling tool platform for CNC steady resting and workholder adjustment, a NUM Flexium controller and automatic wheel-sticking capabilities for unmanned operation.
Star SU LLC
Booths: N-6924, W-1385.
TURNING MACHINE.
The VL 5i turning machine from EMAG LLC can machine workpieces up to 250mm in diameter in a single clamping. In addition to a 28kW spindle that provides 300 newton-meters of torque, the machine has an automation system with a revolving belt that contains drag frames. The distance between the loading and machining positions is 550mm, which enables short idle times, according to the company.
EMAG LLC
Booth: N-6846.
HORIZONTAL BORING MILL.
MAG IAS LLC’s 6-axis FTR AutoDrill combines a horizontal boring mill chassis and the company’s extended-reach ram with a gimbal head for milling and drilling composites and composite-sandwich structures. Boeing will use the first one at its South Carolina plant for producing 787 fuselage barrels, beginning in the second quarter of 2013. It will be equipped with MAG’s minimum-quantity-cryogenic tool cooling technology. The machine utilizes a Fischer 20-hp, 24,000-rpm spindle equipped with an HSK-50A tool interface.
MAG IAS LLC
Booth: S-8519.
FEED SYSTEM.
Scotchman Industries Inc.’s advanced feed system, coupled with a Scotchman circular cold saw, can turn a semiautomatic machine into a fully automatic production machine. According to the company, the advanced feed system allows companies to increase productivity, decrease setup time, reduce operator error and eliminate waste. With an optional material clamp, it can be used as a programmable stop system or an automatic programmable push-feed system.
Scotchman Industries Inc.
Booth: N-6417.
PCD TOOL PRODUCTION.
The QXD200 machine from Vollmer of America Corp. is for finishing PCD tools. The machine combines rotary erosion and fluting with a polishing wheel to impart a mirror finish in a single setup. The machine has six programmable axes and a six-position toolchanger. Offline simulation creates a 3-D model that can be incorporated into other software packages for tool geometry verification.
Vollmer of America Corp.
Booth: N-6751.
GRINDING CENTER.
Agathon Machine Tools Inc.’s DOM Semi 4-axis grinding center is for periphery grinding of ISO-standard indexable inserts. The grinder has an infeed axis with a linear motor, a polymer concrete base for enhanced vibration damping and an enclosed grinding area to keep moving axes and the handling system dry. Automatic handling of each workpiece occurs during grinding via an integrated pick-and-place, linear handling system.
Agathon Machine Tools Inc.
Booth: N-6951.
HONING SYSTEM.
The SV-560 vertical CNC honing system from Sunnen Products Co. combines a 60 " stroke and 20-hp spindle for honing bores up to 12 " in diameter or larger. The machine’s synchronized servo axes eliminate the “flattening” of the crosshatch angle that’s typically inherent at the stroke-reversal points when honing. The operator has the option to virtually eliminate crosshatch if required. The standard spindle speed is 0 to 300 rpm, with options of 0 to 600 rpm and 0 to 1,200 rpm.
Sunnen Products Co.
Booth: N-7400.
CNC LATHE.
Femco Inc.’s Model HL-35DMSY CNC lathe has a C-axis, Y-axis, subspindle and Durga 23-station, twin-disk turret. The turret provides 12 tools for OD turning and 11 tools for ID turning. All ID tool stations can be equipped with radial and axial power-driven tools. The main spindle has a 10 " hydraulic chuck and a 25-hp, 4,000-rpm spindle with 2.95 " bar capacity. The subspindle is equipped with an 8 " hydraulic chuck and a 20-hp, 5,000-rpm spindle.
Femco Inc.
Booth: S-8021.
UNIVERSAL MACHINING CENTER.
The UMC-750 universal machining center from Haas Automation Inc. is for simultaneous 5-axis machining and 5-sided (3+2) machining with a dual-axis trunnion table. The 40-taper machine is equipped with an 8,100-rpm, inline, direct-drive spindle and comes with a 40+1-tool side-mount toolchanger. An optional 12,000-rpm spindle is available. Both spindles yield 90 ft.-lbs. of cutting torque.
Haas Automation Inc.
Booth: S-8119.
TURN/MILL CENTER.
Index Corp.’s R300 turn/mill center has two independent 5-axis subsystems, each with a motorized milling spindle and an assigned work spindle. The machine can simultaneously machine complex parts, short bars up to 102mm and chucked parts up to 315mm in diameter. The machine is targeted at applications where larger chucked parts require a large amount of milling and drilling. Options include grinding with a grinding point or an external wheel up to 150mm.
Index Corp.
Booth: S-8450.
TOOL GRINDER.
The Model 528XW from Rollomatic Inc. is a 5-axis CNC tool grinder with a six-station wheel changer. The machine is particularly well suited for grinding specialty cutting tools and modifying, regrinding and production grinding rotary cutting tools, according to the company. The wheel changer, which has a repetitive concentricity of less than 2µm, can replace wheel packs at the same time the automatic loader places a blank into the machine without increasing cycle time.
Rollomatic Inc.
Booth: N-7200.
WIRE EDM.
The Model AG400L wire EDM from Sodick Inc. features advanced linear motor-driven technology. According to the company, the machine is ideal for small to medium-size parts and molds that require tight tolerances and fine surface finishes. The company offers a 10-year positioning accuracy guarantee for all its wire EDMs.
Sodick Inc.
Booth: E-5102.
LASER MARKING WORKSTATIONS.
FOBA’s M-Series laser marking workstations are available in two sizes and with three models each. The laser markers are expandable to five axes, height-adjustable and have a control panel that can be mounted on the right or left side of the workstation. The company’s Intelligent Mark Positioning technology automatically detects workpieces and their positions and aligns the mark accordingly.
FOBA
Booth: N-6534.
OIL-MIST COLLECTORS.
LNS America’s Fox WS series oil-mist collectors are air-filtration systems that eliminate oil mist and smoke. Five models with capacities from 170 to 1,250 cfm are suitable for all machine types and machining processes using water-soluble, synthetic or neat-oil coolants. The Fox WM series is available in 2,500-, 5,000- and 7,500-cfm models.
LNS America
Booth: S-8586.
JOB SHOP CNC.
Siemens Industry Inc.’s Sinumerik 828D Basic T addresses the needs of shop floor turning machines. It combines CNC, PLC, operator panel and axis control for five axes/spindles, including live tooling. Therefore, milling and drilling on a turning machine—for face and peripheral surfacing—are possible. The 828D Basic M is for milling machines. Even in complex moldmaking operations, it enables mirror surface finishes and reduced machining times, according to the company.
Siemens Industry Inc.
Booth: E-5010.
HORIZONTAL MACHINING CENTER.
Mitsui Seiki USA Inc.’s HU100A-5XL HMC is for heavier applications that require a rigid and accurate machine. Users can choose axis travels from 1,300mm to 2,500mm; four, five or six axes of continuous motion; and a rotary table, trunnion table or table-on-table. Fixed spindles from 6,000 rpm and high-speed spindles up to 20,000 rpm are available. The company also offers quill-type spindles for precision boring with short tools.
Mitsui Seiki USA Inc.
Booth: S-8319.
GEAR GRINDING MACHINE.
The RZ 60, a gear grinding machine from Reishauer Corp., incorporates two spindles. This enables grinding on one spindle while the workpiece on the second spindle is changed and synchronized with the grinding wheel threads. At maximum speed, the grinding and workpiece spindle positions are controlled with the company’s “Precision-Drive” electronic gearbox. This also enables multiple-start grinding wheels for making planetary pinions.
Reishauer Corp.
Booth: N-7018.
HORIZONTAL MACHINING CENTER.
Kitamura Machinery’s Mycenter-HX800iLTGA HMC offers a work size of 59.1 "×59.1 ", clamping power of 30,710 lbs., pallet size of 31.50 "×31.50 " and X-, Y- and Z-axis stroke of 55 "×49.21 "×52.16 ". The 68,200-lb. machine comes standard with a 35-hp, 12,000-rpm, two-step-geared, dual-contact spindle that delivers 280.3 ft.-lbs. of maximum torque. The multiple-step, energy-efficient spindle saves 40 to 50 percent kWh of energy.
Kitamura Machinery
Booth: S-9148.
MACHINE PROTECTION.
Hennig Inc. manufactures vertical-wall covers to protect the ways and CNC feedback devices of horizontal machining centers from hot chips and coolant. Based on available space, the covers can be designed with telescoping steel boxes, stainless steel or fabric aprons, bellows with steel plate protection (lamellas) or the company’s aluminum FlexProtect system.
Hennig Inc.
Booth: E-5714.
WIRE EDM.
The Mitsubishi MV wire EDM from MC Machinery Systems Inc. features a noncontact cylindrical drive using a linear shaft motor, an improved power supply and automatic threading. The machine’s round magnetic shaft creates a noncontact design with 360° of magnetic flux. This design reportedly delivers no wear, no cogging and no backlash, which enhances energy efficiency, accuracy and speed.
MC Machinery Systems Inc.
Booth: N-6825.
AUTOMATION SYSTEM.
The Flexible Pallet Container 3000 automation system from Fastems LLC is an alternative to “pallet pool” technology, providing end users and machine builders a flexible manufacturing system installed in a “container.” The FPC 3000 handles 800mm and 1,000mm pallets and uses a low-profile, dual-rail, guided, pallet-change vehicle instead of a crane-style pallet changer. The system accommodates loads up to 3,000 kg, heights up to 1,800mm and diameters up to 1,600mm.
Fastems LLC
Booth: S-9148.
USER INTERFACE.
IQMS’ RTStation is a touch-screen user interface for a shop floor work center. Powered by Android technology, the device displays machine monitoring details, such as part counts, cycle speeds and other machine processes, in real time on a 7 " screen. It provides machine downtime information, prints work orders, logs rejects for production reporting, allows for operator clocking in/out and displays job setup information.
IQMS
Booth: E-3259.
WIRE EDM.
AccuteX EDM’s EZ-53SA 3-axis CNC wire EDM has an automatic wire threader and Windows-based CE control. The machine’s X, Y and Z work envelope measures 19.7 "×11.8 "×7.1 ". All consumable items that fit on the company’s other EDMs are compatible with the machine. Optional 4th-axis indexing capability is available.
AccuteX EDM
Booth: E-5225.
FIVE-AXIS MACHINING CENTER.
SB Machine Tools distributes the JapanTek 5X-410 machining center. The machine has a 120° (90° ±15°) tilting spindle head to achieve five-face machining. The machine offers four machining capabilities: 5-axis machining with the standard two-pallet automatic pallet changer, five-face machining with APC, horizontal machining with APC, and vertical machining with APC. A 30-hp main motor, 60-tool magazine with automatic toolchanger and through-spindle coolant are standard.
SB Machine Tools
Booth: S-9463.
SAWING, MACHINING CENTER.
Rattunde Corp.’s ACS + CFMcurve integrates a sawing machine and machining center. The ACS cold saw utilizes a sawing algorithm with servomotor-controlled feed to continuously adjust critical sawing parameters during each cut. This reduces sawing times, improves surface finish and extends blade life, according to the company. The CFMcurve simultaneously machines each workpiece end using 12 independent servo-controlled axes. Operations include threading, boring, profile turning and grooving.
Rattunde Corp.
Booth: N-6737.
MULTITASK MACHINE.
The Tongtai TMT-2000 from Absolute Machine Tools Inc. is an 8-axis multitask turning center cast from Meehanite iron. The machine’s monoblock, 75° slant bed reportedly enhances rigidity and chip flow and improves operator ergonomics. The perpendicular Y-axis leads to simplified programming, according to the company. Rapid traverse rates are 1,181 ipm for the X-axis, 590 ipm for the Y- axis and 1,417 ipm for the Z-axis.
Absolute Machine Tools Inc.
Booth: S-8536.
MODULAR CONTROL.
OPEN-XS from Prima Electro North America LLC is a modular system that can be applied as a CNC or general-motion control. It controls the servodrives and input/output modules distributed on a digital fieldbus and the analog or Pulse&Direction axes. The control unit is based on a PC platform and can be supplied in a stand-alone configuration or integrated with a monitor or the company’s compact control panel.
Prima Electro North America LLC
Booth: E-5139.
HOLEMAKING EDM.
The Drill 300 EDM from GF AgieCharmilles employs electrodes from 0.012 " to 0.12 " in diameter to drill various workpiece materials, including Inconel, titanium, steel and carbide. The EDM has a Z-axis travel of 17.72 " and a ±45° tilting head to drill angled holes. The 6-axis configuration enables drilling round and shaped cooling holes, for example, in aerospace blades and vanes. The indexing table allows holemaking in a circular pattern.
GF AgieCharmilles
Booth: S-8754.
HORIZONTAL MACHINING CENTERS.
Enshu USA Corp.’s GE series HMCs have refrigerated and temperature-controlled (±1° C) spindles, ballscrews and servomotor mounts. Two machines have 40-taper spindles: the 400mm-pallet GE460H and 500mm-pallet GE480H. Their 29.5-hp, 15,000-rpm spindles are paired with rapid-traverse rates of 3,543 ipm. The 500mm-pallet GE580H and 630mm-pallet GE590H have 50-taper, 40-hp, 10,000-rpm spindles.
Enshu USA Corp.
Booth: S-8774.
VERTICAL MACHINING CENTER.
The Matsuura LX-160 from Methods Machine Tools Inc. is a two-pallet, 5-axis VMC with a top spindle speed of 46,000 rpm. The X-, Y- and Z-axis travels are 19.7 ", 9.8 " and 11.8 ", respectively. The rotation center of the tilting B-axis is lowered below the pallet surface to reduce the movement of each axis during simultaneous 5-axis machining, shortening cycle times. The machine has a 6.3 "×7.9 " work envelope.
Methods Machine Tools Inc.
Booth: S-9119.
SWISS-STYLE SPINDLES.
IBAG North America’s Micro Line compact spindles fit Swiss-style machines with 16mm- to 33mm-dia. spindles, speeds to 120,000 rpm and power to 390w. Right-hand spindles are also available for enhanced flexibility.
IBAG North America
Booth: E-5167.
PROFILE GRINDER.
Known as Punch Master, the Model 1500 CNC profile grinder from Unison Corp. has a polymer case base to absorb vibration during grinding. Polymer bases have a low thermal expansion coefficient, providing low sensitivity to temperature fluctuations. The machine is for grinding round and nonround OD shapes, peel grinding and contouring. The grinder is equipped with Yaskawa AC digital servomotors and drive amplifiers.
Unison Corp.
Booth: N-6648.
MILLING CONTROL.
Heidenhain Corp. offers its TNC 640 milling control with an optional turning control for multitask machining. The user enters all programming steps in plain language, the company reports. The control has a specially prepared keyboard surface and screen frame to eliminate fingerprints. An optimized user interface improves function presentation and clearly displays status information.
Heidenhain Corp.
Booth: E-5224.
MULTITASK MACHINE.
The Cyclone 52 – BY2 turn/mill lathe from Ganesh Machinery Inc. enables working on the fronts and backs of parts. The 9-axis machine offers a 2 " bar capacity and has a 15-hp main spindle and subspindle, and 35 tool positions with 18 driven tools, 12 of which are for the B-axis.
Ganesh Machinery Inc.
Booth: S-9371.
CNC KERNEL.
NUM Corp. says its Flexium CNC kernel, with a soft PLC, provides scalability for specialized machine tool builders. This allows OEMs to use the same control system across a range of machine designs. It can be applied economically to small machines with up to five axes and spindles, for example, or large machines with up to 200 axes, the company reports.
NUM Corp.
Booth: E-5135.
CENTERLESS CYLINDRICAL GRINDER.
The 255 CL centerless cylindrical grinder from Agathon Machine Tools Inc. grinds workpieces from 0.5mm to 30mm in diameter and plunge lengths up to 125mm. The grinding and control spindles form equivalent NC axes that are freely programmable, the company reports. The grinding and regulating wheels are supported unilaterally and can be mounted from the front.
Agathon Machine Tools Inc.
Booth: N-6951.
TURNING CENTER.
Romi Machine Tools Ltd.’s GL 170G is a gang-tooled CNC turning center. It comes with a high-torque, 15-hp motor; an A2-5 spindle nose with 2” bar capacity; and a 60° slant bed that provides easy access to tooling and workpieces, according to the company. Its worktable has three T-slots for tool positioning. Toolholders for the machine can accommodate through-coolant and driven tools.
Romi Machine Tools Ltd.
Booth: S-8792.
VERTICAL MACHINING CENTER.
Milltronics Manufacturing Co. Inc.’s VM3224 VMC has a 38 "×24 " table and X-, Y- and Z-axis travels of 32 ", 24 " and 26 ", respectively. The machine comes standard with the Milltronics 8200 CNC, linear roller ways, dual-arm 24-pocket toolchanger, six-spigot flood coolant, 180-gal. coolant capacity and chip auger. Machining accuracy is enhanced with 38mm ballscrews that are stretched and anchored with triplex bearings on each end, the company reports.
Milltronics Manufacturing Co. Inc.
Booth: S-8329.
MACHINING CENTER.
BLM Group USA’s EM80 is an integrated CNC end machining center for cutting, chamfering, facing, boring, threading and profiling tubes. The machine comes with a 4,000-kg capacity bundle loader. A conveyor brings parts toward a two-position chute where they are dropped in the appropriate bin. The machine handles lengths from 2,500mm to 120,000mm, tube diameters from 10mm to 80mm with wall thicknesses from 0.8mm to 12mm and solid bars from 10mm to 60mm.
BLM Group USA
Booth: E-4694.
VERTICAL MACHINING CENTER.
The FTC-1320V traveling-column VMC from Chevalier Machinery Inc. enables high-speed drilling, tapping and milling. The 6,614-lb. machine has a 25.6 "×14.4 " table and X-, Y- and Z-axis travels of 19.7 ", 12.6 " and 9.8 ", respectively. The spindle center to column is 15.6 ". To increase rigidity during machining, the machine’s base is a one-piece casting with a slope design equipped with a large-volume coolant flow for enhanced chip removal.
Chevalier Machinery Inc.
Booth: S-9066.
AUTOMATIC BANDSAW.
Behringer Saws Inc.’s HBM800ALU is an automatic bandsaw for cutting aluminum and other nonferrous materials. After loading stock, the machine manages the entire sawing process and displays real-time cutting data on the operator terminal. The saw handles round workpieces up to 31.4 " in diameter and squares up to 31.4 "×31.4 ". The saw’s narrow kerf (0.042 ") minimizes material usage.
Behringer Saws Inc.
Booth: N-6859.
SWISS-STYLE LATHE.
Marubeni Citizen-Cincom Inc.’s M432VIII Swiss-style lathe has a B-axis with rotary tools on the gang tool post and a third Y-axis on the back tool post. The B-axis locates on the slant axis in reference to the Y-axis direction. When drilling angular holes on a conventional machine, an adjustable angle spindle is needed. A B-axis incorporating rotary tools can change the angle continuously, allowing multiple angular holes to be drilled in a single setup, according to the company.
Marubeni Citizen-Cincom Inc.
Booth: S-9419.
HYDRODYNAMIC BAR FEEDER.
The Rhino bar feeder from Lexair Inc. supports and feeds bar stock through a lathe for production machining. The bar feeder handles material from 0.125 " to 3 " in diameter and up to 12 ' long. The single-tube, muzzle-loading design feeds round, hexagonal, square and asymmetric stock. The unit’s hydrodynamic oil cushion eliminates bar whip and dampens vibration and noise, according to the company.
Lexair Inc.
Booth: W-1322.
VERTICAL MACHINING CENTER.
Makino Inc.’s D300 5-axis VMC is for small, complex, 3-D contouring typically seen in aerospace, medical, high-end job shop and die and mold applications. The machine’s worktable has a work area diameter of 300mm, accommodating workpieces up to 450mm × 270mm and 120 kg in weight. The X-, Y- and Z-axis travels are 300mm, 500mm and 350mm, respectively. The machine provides a top feed rate of 60,000 mm/min. and comes standard with a 15,000-rpm HSK-A63 spindle.
Makino Inc.
Booth: S-8700.
ROTARY TRANSFER MACHINES.
Kaufman Manufacturing Co.’s rotary transfer machines can reportedly be changed over to a new part in 35 minutes or less. According to the company, high-volume transfer systems can replace three or more existing machine tools while reducing floor space and extending tool life.
Kaufman Manufacturing Co.
Booth: S-8012.
TURNING CENTER.
The Slant Turn Nexus 600M from Mazak Corp. is for turning large parts. It employs a headstock with a 14.75 "-dia. bore mounted on a 60-hp, 500-rpm turning spindle, which generates up to 5,162 ft.-lbs. of torque for heavy cutting. The spindle is also used as a C-axis, capable of indexing at 0.001° increments. For convenient tool management, the machine uses a 12-position drum turret for tool indexing. The machine is also equipped with a 10-hp, 4,000-rpm milling spindle.
Mazak Corp.
Booth: S-8300.
HORIZONTAL BORING & MILLING MACHINE.
The BTH-130.R24 horizontal boring and milling machine from Toshiba Machine Co. America has a 2,000mm × 2,400mm table, a maximum swing diameter of 3,200mm and can hold workpieces weighing up to 20 metric tons. The double-pinion, B-axis drive mechanism provides stable table indexing, according to the company. Four 50-taper spindle options are available, with a maximum speed of 4,000 rpm.
Toshiba Machine Co. America
Booth: S-9436.
UNIVERSAL CYLINDRICAL GRINDER.
United Grinding Technologies Inc.’s Studer S41 CNC universal cylindrical grinder has a Granitan S103 machine bed, which reportedly provides rigidity and thermal stability. The longitudinal and cross slides and the swivel axis for the wheelhead feature electric direct drives, which swiftly and precisely move to the working position, according to the company. The guide ways of the longitudinal and cross slides are molded directly into the machine.
United Grinding Technologies Inc.
Booth: N-6800.
VERTICAL MACHINING CENTER.
The Value Master F400VM VMC from Hyundai WIA Machine Corp. has X-, Y- and Z-axis travels of 31 ", 18 " and 20 ", respectively. Standard features include a 30-tool swing-arm toolchanger, through-spindle coolant, BIG Plus tooling and rigid tapping. To eliminate thermal growth during machining, all axes are driven by double-nut ballscrews, according to the company. All ballscrews are connected directly to the servomotors without gears or belts, eliminating backlash. The machine can be configured with an 8,000- or 12,000-rpm spindle.
Hyundai WIA Machine Corp.
Booth: S-8948.
HORIZONTAL HONING MACHINE.
Nagel Precision Inc. offers the ECO H horizontal honing machine for low-production runs. The machine has three servodrives, and a 3-hp, 4,000-rpm servomotor drives the honing spindle and controls the stroking. The ballscrews reach stroking speeds higher than 25 m/min. and have a maximum travel range of 250mm. The machine can hone bores up to 40mm and can store multiple part programs.
Nagel Precision Inc.
Booth: N-7040.
MILLING MACHINE.
Datron Dynamics Inc. offers the Datron C5 high-speed milling machine for simultaneous 5-axis machining. The machine accommodates parts up to 100mm in diameter and has a 48,000-rpm spindle, 22-station toolchanger, integrated tool-length measurement and Heidenhain linear scales. It has a 1-sq.-ft. footprint and fits through a standard 36 " door.
Datron Dynamics Inc.
Booth: N-6049.
MULTITASK TURNING CENTER.
The Nakamura-Tome WY-250L multitask turning center from Methods Machine Tools Inc. has two turrets, each with a 3.93 " Y-axis. Standard functions include a spindle speed override switch, a program number search, C-axis synchronization and helical interpolation. The machine provides rapid-traverse speeds of 1,181 ipm and 1,574 ipm in the X-axis and Z-axis, respectively. Multiple tools can cut simultaneously.
Methods Machine Tools Inc.
Booth: S-9119.
TURNING CENTER.
Doosan Infracore Machine Tools’ Lynx 220LMSA turning center can machine parts up to 9.45 " in diameter and 20.0 " long. The machine has live tooling and a subspindle to cut complex geometries. The 20-hp AC spindle motor has maximum torque of 93.6 ft.-lbs. Linear-motion guide ways enable rapid-traverse rates of 1,181 ipm for the X-axis and 1,417 ipm for the Z-axis. Ballscrews are centered between the guide ways and directly mounted to the AC servomotors to eliminate backlash from intermediate gears or belts.
Doosan Infracore Machine Tools
Booth: S-8100.
G-CODE PROGRAMMING TOOLS.
The CncGcoder HD Super hand-held CNC G-code programming tool from RBR Machine Tools features a 3.5 ", bright-color, LCD touch screen that’s easy to read in any shop environment, according to the company. The model has eight times the internal storage, two times the processing speed and twice the battery capacity as the company’s previous HD models. The programming tool is for backing up, editing and transferring G-code programs.
RBR Machine Tools
Booth: S-9163.
MILLING CONTROL.
The TNC 640 milling control from Heidenhain Corp. is available with optional turning capability to perform multitask machining. With the control, a user enters all programming steps in plain language. The new optimized user interface provides greater transparency during programming, presents functions better and displays status information more clearly, according to the company.
Heidenhain Corp.
Booth: E-5224.
TOOL GRINDER.
ANCA’s MX5 CNC tool grinder has a 26kW spindle and two wheel packs for grinding carbide and HSS tools up to 5/8 " in diameter. The grinding wheel and spindle are supported in the machine by a casting called the bisymmetrical gantry. Evenly straddling the tool center line, the spindle gantry minimizes the effects of thermal growth and provides rigidity, according to the company.
ANCA
Booth: N-7414.
TURNING MACHINE.
The VL 2 P from EMAG LLC is a vertical pickup, two-spindle turning machine. While one workpiece is being machined, the second spindle automatically loads itself using the pickup method. This means the next workpiece is immediately ready for machining, resulting in short chip-to-chip times, the company reports. The machine processes workpieces up to 100mm in diameter.
EMAG LLC
Booth: N-6846.
WATERJET PUMPS.
KMT Waterjet Systems Inc. offers NEOLine 40i and Streamline PRO2 series waterjet pumps. The NEOLine 40i pump has a 55,000-psi operating pressure and low-profile cabinetry for easy access to pump controls and components. The 60- and 125-hp, 90,000-psi Streamline PRO2 pumps provide significant advances in uptime, according to the company.
KMT Waterjet Systems Inc.
Booth: N-6150.
MACHINE REPAIR.
Maintenance Service Corp. provides targeted repairs to remedy machine tool problems, such as ones caused by the damaged machine components in the photograph, when customers wait too long for preemptive repairs. According to the company, it provides solutions to mechanical accuracy and reliability problems through its “baselining” procedures. The company is the North American service arm of German machine builder Schiess Brighton GmbH.
Maintenance Service Corp.
Booth: S-8275.
HORIZONTAL MACHINING CENTER.
GROB Systems Inc.’s G550T HMC allows 5-axis simultaneous machining, with the table operating in A and B axes, as well as turning at up to 800 rpm. This enables production of parts that require turning and milling, such as machine wheels and housings, in one setup. The table has a maximum rotation of 240° in the A-axis and 360° in the B-axis. The machine’s horizontal spindle design provides access to all workpiece faces, including the insides of hollow parts.
GROB Systems Inc.
Booth: S-9490.
PARALLEL KINEMATICS MACHINE.
The Tripod 700S Powerflex from ICON Technologies is a modular, 6-axis parallel kinematics machine. PKM technology means that motions in the X, Y and Z axes are performed by three parallel axes, combining the flexibility and envelope of a robot with the accuracy and stiffness of a traditional machine tool. The work envelope is 800mm × 800mm × 400mm. The machine comes with a 40- or 80-pocket toolchanger.
ICON Technologies
Booth: S-8348.
TWIN-TURRET LATHE.
Fuji Machine America Corp.’s CSD-300R twin-turret, twin-spindle lathe is equipped with live tools and can turn, drill and mill in one setup. The machine’s hydraulic clamping robot can load/unload parts up to 7.87 " long × 4 " in diameter. The spindles are equipped with 15/20-hp, high-output motors. The turret speed is 0.26 sec./index.
Fuji Machine America Corp.
Booth: S-9059.
MACHINE CONTROL.
The 30i-B/31i-B5 CNC from FANUC FA America is for high-speed, simultaneous 5-axis machining. According to the company, the control significantly reduces cycle times while improving part accuracy and quality. Execution of common instructions is more than 2.5 times faster than the previous generation. With the hand-held operator’s unit iPendant for CNC, the control achieves improved operability, according to the company.
FANUC FA America
Booth: S-8919.
SWISS-STYLE MACHINE.
The Tsugami B0326 6-axis Swiss-type lathe for producing parts less than 32mm in diameter is available from REM Sales LLC. The machine can be converted from direct-drive, guide-bushing, bar-fed operation to non-guide-bushing operation when fitted with an optional chucker kit. It has a dual-path FANUC 32i-B CNC, which reportedly reduces cycle time by permitting simultaneous operation on the main and sub spindles.
REM Sales LLC
Booth: S-9410.
HIGH-PRESSURE COOLANT SYSTEMS.
MP Systems’ V2 high-pressure coolant system for CNC machine tools is for general-purpose machining and has a compact design. The system houses its internal components within a sheet-metal frame body that fits under a standard-height bar feeder. Casters enable the pump to be moved. A heat exchanger is optional.
MP Systems
Booth: S-9410.
ROBOTIC SYSTEMS.
Berger LLC provides 4- to 7-axis robotic systems for grinding and polishing. The company offers a basic program for programming robots, which is adaptable to customer requirements. Workpieces can be loaded with different magazine systems, such as chain, sliding and rotary table magazines.
Berger LLC
Booth: N-7259.
MACHINING CENTER.
Hermle Machine Co.’s C 22 5-axis machining center is constructed on a mineral cast base utilizing the company’s patented modified gantry design. The machine has X-, Y- and Z-axis travels of 450mm, 600mm and 330mm, respectively. Standard spindle speed is 15,000 rpm (18,000-, 30,000- and 42,000-rpm spindles are optional).
Hermle Machine Co.
Booth: W-1536.
GRINDING CENTER.
The JUSTAR grinding center from Erwin Junker Machinery Inc. can produce completed parts in one setup. The company reports that the flexible grinder has an automatic wheel changer, a unique coolant nozzle system, an “intelligent” measuring system and an integrated dressing system.
Erwin Junker Machinery Inc.
Booth: N-6840.
WATERJET MACHINE.
Flow International Corp.’s Mach 4 waterjet cutting machine can be expanded up to 48’ in length to increase the cutting area as needed. The machine offers roller pinion motion to reportedly increase cutting speed. Included is the company’s Dynamic XD technology with Dynamic Waterjet software for providing tapers and stream-lag compensation with 3-D bevel cutting.
Flow International Corp.
Booth: N-6217.
MINI-DRAG MACHINES.
Rosler Metal Finishing’s R-SF line of mini-drag finishing machines reportedly provide 40 times the grinding power compared to rotary vibrators while eliminating impingement between delicate workpieces. The machines have hydraulic carousel assemblies to allow vertical movement for versatile processing and up to four rotating work stations, each with independent drives. The units feature a protective cabin with Plexiglas doors.
Rosler Metal Finishing
Booth: N-7432.
HORIZONTAL MACHINING CENTER.
The Mycenter-HX800iLTGA HMC from Kitamura Machinery has a work envelope of 59.1 " in diameter × 59.1 " and a pallet size of 31.50 "×31.50 ". The X-, Y- and Z-axis strokes are 55 ", 49.21 " and 52.16 ", respectively. The clamping power of 30,710 lbs. and a table-load capacity of 4,400 lbs. allow machining of large workpieces and complex fixturing, according to the company. The machine comes standard with a 35-hp, 12,000-rpm, two-step-geared, dual-contact spindle.
Kitamura Machinery
Booth: S-9148.
Related Glossary Terms
- 3-D
3-D
Way of displaying real-world objects in a natural way by showing depth, height and width. This system uses the X, Y and Z axes.
- G-code programming
G-code programming
Programs written to operate NC machines with control systems that comply with the ANSI/EIA RS-274-D-1980 Standard. A program consists of a series of data blocks, each of which is treated as a unit by the controller and contains enough information for a complete command to be carried out by the machine.
- automatic toolchanger
automatic toolchanger
Mechanism typically included in a machining center that, on the appropriate command, removes one cutting tool from the spindle nose and replaces it with another. The changer restores the used tool to the magazine and selects and withdraws the next desired tool from the storage magazine. The changer is controlled by a set of prerecorded/predetermined instructions associated with the part(s) to be produced.
- backing
backing
1. Flexible portion of a bandsaw blade. 2. Support material behind the cutting edge of a tool. 3. Base material for coated abrasives.
- backlash
backlash
Reaction in dynamic motion systems where potential energy that was created while the object was in motion is released when the object stops. Release of this potential energy or inertia causes the device to quickly snap backward relative to the last direction of motion. Backlash can cause a system’s final resting position to be different from what was intended and from where the control system intended to stop the device.
- bandsaw
bandsaw
Machine that utilizes an endless band, normally with serrated teeth, for cutoff or contour sawing. See saw, sawing machine.
- boring
boring
Enlarging a hole that already has been drilled or cored. Generally, it is an operation of truing the previously drilled hole with a single-point, lathe-type tool. Boring is essentially internal turning, in that usually a single-point cutting tool forms the internal shape. Some tools are available with two cutting edges to balance cutting forces.
- centers
centers
Cone-shaped pins that support a workpiece by one or two ends during machining. The centers fit into holes drilled in the workpiece ends. Centers that turn with the workpiece are called “live” centers; those that do not are called “dead” centers.
- chamfering
chamfering
Machining a bevel on a workpiece or tool; improves a tool’s entrance into the cut.
- chuck
chuck
Workholding device that affixes to a mill, lathe or drill-press spindle. It holds a tool or workpiece by one end, allowing it to be rotated. May also be fitted to the machine table to hold a workpiece. Two or more adjustable jaws actually hold the tool or part. May be actuated manually, pneumatically, hydraulically or electrically. See collet.
- composites
composites
Materials composed of different elements, with one element normally embedded in another, held together by a compatible binder.
- computer numerical control ( CNC)
computer numerical control ( CNC)
Microprocessor-based controller dedicated to a machine tool that permits the creation or modification of parts. Programmed numerical control activates the machine’s servos and spindle drives and controls the various machining operations. See DNC, direct numerical control; NC, numerical control.
- coolant
coolant
Fluid that reduces temperature buildup at the tool/workpiece interface during machining. Normally takes the form of a liquid such as soluble or chemical mixtures (semisynthetic, synthetic) but can be pressurized air or other gas. Because of water’s ability to absorb great quantities of heat, it is widely used as a coolant and vehicle for various cutting compounds, with the water-to-compound ratio varying with the machining task. See cutting fluid; semisynthetic cutting fluid; soluble-oil cutting fluid; synthetic cutting fluid.
- cutting speed
cutting speed
Tangential velocity on the surface of the tool or workpiece at the cutting interface. The formula for cutting speed (sfm) is tool diameter 5 0.26 5 spindle speed (rpm). The formula for feed per tooth (fpt) is table feed (ipm)/number of flutes/spindle speed (rpm). The formula for spindle speed (rpm) is cutting speed (sfm) 5 3.82/tool diameter. The formula for table feed (ipm) is feed per tooth (ftp) 5 number of tool flutes 5 spindle speed (rpm).
- dressing
dressing
Removal of undesirable materials from “loaded” grinding wheels using a single- or multi-point diamond or other tool. The process also exposes unused, sharp abrasive points. See loading; truing.
- electrical-discharge machining ( EDM)
electrical-discharge machining ( EDM)
Process that vaporizes conductive materials by controlled application of pulsed electrical current that flows between a workpiece and electrode (tool) in a dielectric fluid. Permits machining shapes to tight accuracies without the internal stresses conventional machining often generates. Useful in diemaking.
- feed
feed
Rate of change of position of the tool as a whole, relative to the workpiece while cutting.
- flexible manufacturing system ( FMS)
flexible manufacturing system ( FMS)
Automated manufacturing system designed to machine a variety of similar parts. System is designed to minimize production changeover time. Computers link machine tools with the workhandling system and peripherals. Also associated with machine tools grouped in cells for efficient production. See cell manufacturing.
- fluting
fluting
Cutting straight or spiral grooves in drills, endmills, reamers and taps to improve cutting action and remove chips.
- gang cutting ( milling)
gang cutting ( milling)
Machining with several cutters mounted on a single arbor, generally for simultaneous cutting.
- grinding
grinding
Machining operation in which material is removed from the workpiece by a powered abrasive wheel, stone, belt, paste, sheet, compound, slurry, etc. Takes various forms: surface grinding (creates flat and/or squared surfaces); cylindrical grinding (for external cylindrical and tapered shapes, fillets, undercuts, etc.); centerless grinding; chamfering; thread and form grinding; tool and cutter grinding; offhand grinding; lapping and polishing (grinding with extremely fine grits to create ultrasmooth surfaces); honing; and disc grinding.
- grinding machine
grinding machine
Powers a grinding wheel or other abrasive tool for the purpose of removing metal and finishing workpieces to close tolerances. Provides smooth, square, parallel and accurate workpiece surfaces. When ultrasmooth surfaces and finishes on the order of microns are required, lapping and honing machines (precision grinders that run abrasives with extremely fine, uniform grits) are used. In its “finishing” role, the grinder is perhaps the most widely used machine tool. Various styles are available: bench and pedestal grinders for sharpening lathe bits and drills; surface grinders for producing square, parallel, smooth and accurate parts; cylindrical and centerless grinders; center-hole grinders; form grinders; facemill and endmill grinders; gear-cutting grinders; jig grinders; abrasive belt (backstand, swing-frame, belt-roll) grinders; tool and cutter grinders for sharpening and resharpening cutting tools; carbide grinders; hand-held die grinders; and abrasive cutoff saws.
- grinding wheel
grinding wheel
Wheel formed from abrasive material mixed in a suitable matrix. Takes a variety of shapes but falls into two basic categories: one that cuts on its periphery, as in reciprocating grinding, and one that cuts on its side or face, as in tool and cutter grinding.
- grooving
grooving
Machining grooves and shallow channels. Example: grooving ball-bearing raceways. Typically performed by tools that are capable of light cuts at high feed rates. Imparts high-quality finish.
- high-speed steels ( HSS)
high-speed steels ( HSS)
Available in two major types: tungsten high-speed steels (designated by letter T having tungsten as the principal alloying element) and molybdenum high-speed steels (designated by letter M having molybdenum as the principal alloying element). The type T high-speed steels containing cobalt have higher wear resistance and greater red (hot) hardness, withstanding cutting temperature up to 1,100º F (590º C). The type T steels are used to fabricate metalcutting tools (milling cutters, drills, reamers and taps), woodworking tools, various types of punches and dies, ball and roller bearings. The type M steels are used for cutting tools and various types of dies.
- inches per minute ( ipm)
inches per minute ( ipm)
Value that refers to how far the workpiece or cutter advances linearly in 1 minute, defined as: ipm = ipt 5 number of effective teeth 5 rpm. Also known as the table feed or machine feed.
- inner diameter ( ID)
inner diameter ( ID)
Dimension that defines the inside diameter of a cavity or hole. See OD, outer diameter.
- interpolation
interpolation
Process of generating a sufficient number of positioning commands for the servomotors driving the machine tool so the path of the tool closely approximates the ideal path. See CNC, computer numerical control; NC, numerical control.
- kerf
kerf
Width of cut left after a blade or tool makes a pass.
- lathe
lathe
Turning machine capable of sawing, milling, grinding, gear-cutting, drilling, reaming, boring, threading, facing, chamfering, grooving, knurling, spinning, parting, necking, taper-cutting, and cam- and eccentric-cutting, as well as step- and straight-turning. Comes in a variety of forms, ranging from manual to semiautomatic to fully automatic, with major types being engine lathes, turning and contouring lathes, turret lathes and numerical-control lathes. The engine lathe consists of a headstock and spindle, tailstock, bed, carriage (complete with apron) and cross slides. Features include gear- (speed) and feed-selector levers, toolpost, compound rest, lead screw and reversing lead screw, threading dial and rapid-traverse lever. Special lathe types include through-the-spindle, camshaft and crankshaft, brake drum and rotor, spinning and gun-barrel machines. Toolroom and bench lathes are used for precision work; the former for tool-and-die work and similar tasks, the latter for small workpieces (instruments, watches), normally without a power feed. Models are typically designated according to their “swing,” or the largest-diameter workpiece that can be rotated; bed length, or the distance between centers; and horsepower generated. See turning machine.
- linear motor
linear motor
Functionally the same as a rotary motor in a machine tool, a linear motor can be thought of as a standard permanent-magnet, rotary-style motor slit axially to the center and then peeled back and laid flat. The major advantage of using a linear motor to drive the axis motion is that it eliminates the inefficiency and mechanical variance caused by the ballscrew assembly system used in most CNC machines.
- machining center
machining center
CNC machine tool capable of drilling, reaming, tapping, milling and boring. Normally comes with an automatic toolchanger. See automatic toolchanger.
- milling
milling
Machining operation in which metal or other material is removed by applying power to a rotating cutter. In vertical milling, the cutting tool is mounted vertically on the spindle. In horizontal milling, the cutting tool is mounted horizontally, either directly on the spindle or on an arbor. Horizontal milling is further broken down into conventional milling, where the cutter rotates opposite the direction of feed, or “up” into the workpiece; and climb milling, where the cutter rotates in the direction of feed, or “down” into the workpiece. Milling operations include plane or surface milling, endmilling, facemilling, angle milling, form milling and profiling.
- milling machine ( mill)
milling machine ( mill)
Runs endmills and arbor-mounted milling cutters. Features include a head with a spindle that drives the cutters; a column, knee and table that provide motion in the three Cartesian axes; and a base that supports the components and houses the cutting-fluid pump and reservoir. The work is mounted on the table and fed into the rotating cutter or endmill to accomplish the milling steps; vertical milling machines also feed endmills into the work by means of a spindle-mounted quill. Models range from small manual machines to big bed-type and duplex mills. All take one of three basic forms: vertical, horizontal or convertible horizontal/vertical. Vertical machines may be knee-type (the table is mounted on a knee that can be elevated) or bed-type (the table is securely supported and only moves horizontally). In general, horizontal machines are bigger and more powerful, while vertical machines are lighter but more versatile and easier to set up and operate.
- milling machine ( mill)2
milling machine ( mill)
Runs endmills and arbor-mounted milling cutters. Features include a head with a spindle that drives the cutters; a column, knee and table that provide motion in the three Cartesian axes; and a base that supports the components and houses the cutting-fluid pump and reservoir. The work is mounted on the table and fed into the rotating cutter or endmill to accomplish the milling steps; vertical milling machines also feed endmills into the work by means of a spindle-mounted quill. Models range from small manual machines to big bed-type and duplex mills. All take one of three basic forms: vertical, horizontal or convertible horizontal/vertical. Vertical machines may be knee-type (the table is mounted on a knee that can be elevated) or bed-type (the table is securely supported and only moves horizontally). In general, horizontal machines are bigger and more powerful, while vertical machines are lighter but more versatile and easier to set up and operate.
- numerical control ( NC)
numerical control ( NC)
Any controlled equipment that allows an operator to program its movement by entering a series of coded numbers and symbols. See CNC, computer numerical control; DNC, direct numerical control.
- outer diameter ( OD)
outer diameter ( OD)
Dimension that defines the exterior diameter of a cylindrical or round part. See ID, inner diameter.
- parallel
parallel
Strip or block of precision-ground stock used to elevate a workpiece, while keeping it parallel to the worktable, to prevent cutter/table contact.
- polishing
polishing
Abrasive process that improves surface finish and blends contours. Abrasive particles attached to a flexible backing abrade the workpiece.
- polycrystalline cubic boron nitride ( PCBN)
polycrystalline cubic boron nitride ( PCBN)
Cutting tool material consisting of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride with a metallic or ceramic binder. PCBN is available either as a tip brazed to a carbide insert carrier or as a solid insert. Primarily used for cutting hardened ferrous alloys.
- polycrystalline diamond ( PCD)
polycrystalline diamond ( PCD)
Cutting tool material consisting of natural or synthetic diamond crystals bonded together under high pressure at elevated temperatures. PCD is available as a tip brazed to a carbide insert carrier. Used for machining nonferrous alloys and nonmetallic materials at high cutting speeds.
- profiling
profiling
Machining vertical edges of workpieces having irregular contours; normally performed with an endmill in a vertical spindle on a milling machine or with a profiler, following a pattern. See mill, milling machine.
- rapid traverse
rapid traverse
Movement on a CNC mill or lathe that is from point to point at full speed but, usually, without linear interpolation.
- sawing
sawing
Machining operation in which a powered machine, usually equipped with a blade having milled or ground teeth, is used to part material (cutoff) or give it a new shape (contour bandsawing, band machining). Four basic types of sawing operations are: hacksawing (power or manual operation in which the blade moves back and forth through the work, cutting on one of the strokes); cold or circular sawing (a rotating, circular, toothed blade parts the material much as a workshop table saw or radial-arm saw cuts wood); bandsawing (a flexible, toothed blade rides on wheels under tension and is guided through the work); and abrasive sawing (abrasive points attached to a fiber or metal backing part stock, could be considered a grinding operation).
- sawing machine ( saw)
sawing machine ( saw)
Machine designed to use a serrated-tooth blade to cut metal or other material. Comes in a wide variety of styles but takes one of four basic forms: hacksaw (a simple, rugged machine that uses a reciprocating motion to part metal or other material); cold or circular saw (powers a circular blade that cuts structural materials); bandsaw (runs an endless band; the two basic types are cutoff and contour band machines, which cut intricate contours and shapes); and abrasive cutoff saw (similar in appearance to the cold saw, but uses an abrasive disc that rotates at high speeds rather than a blade with serrated teeth).
- sawing machine ( saw)2
sawing machine ( saw)
Machine designed to use a serrated-tooth blade to cut metal or other material. Comes in a wide variety of styles but takes one of four basic forms: hacksaw (a simple, rugged machine that uses a reciprocating motion to part metal or other material); cold or circular saw (powers a circular blade that cuts structural materials); bandsaw (runs an endless band; the two basic types are cutoff and contour band machines, which cut intricate contours and shapes); and abrasive cutoff saw (similar in appearance to the cold saw, but uses an abrasive disc that rotates at high speeds rather than a blade with serrated teeth).
- stiffness
stiffness
1. Ability of a material or part to resist elastic deflection. 2. The rate of stress with respect to strain; the greater the stress required to produce a given strain, the stiffer the material is said to be. See dynamic stiffness; static stiffness.
- tapping
tapping
Machining operation in which a tap, with teeth on its periphery, cuts internal threads in a predrilled hole having a smaller diameter than the tap diameter. Threads are formed by a combined rotary and axial-relative motion between tap and workpiece. See tap.
- threading
threading
Process of both external (e.g., thread milling) and internal (e.g., tapping, thread milling) cutting, turning and rolling of threads into particular material. Standardized specifications are available to determine the desired results of the threading process. Numerous thread-series designations are written for specific applications. Threading often is performed on a lathe. Specifications such as thread height are critical in determining the strength of the threads. The material used is taken into consideration in determining the expected results of any particular application for that threaded piece. In external threading, a calculated depth is required as well as a particular angle to the cut. To perform internal threading, the exact diameter to bore the hole is critical before threading. The threads are distinguished from one another by the amount of tolerance and/or allowance that is specified. See turning.
- toolchanger
toolchanger
Carriage or drum attached to a machining center that holds tools until needed; when a tool is needed, the toolchanger inserts the tool into the machine spindle. See automatic toolchanger.
- turning
turning
Workpiece is held in a chuck, mounted on a face plate or secured between centers and rotated while a cutting tool, normally a single-point tool, is fed into it along its periphery or across its end or face. Takes the form of straight turning (cutting along the periphery of the workpiece); taper turning (creating a taper); step turning (turning different-size diameters on the same work); chamfering (beveling an edge or shoulder); facing (cutting on an end); turning threads (usually external but can be internal); roughing (high-volume metal removal); and finishing (final light cuts). Performed on lathes, turning centers, chucking machines, automatic screw machines and similar machines.
- turning machine
turning machine
Any machine that rotates a workpiece while feeding a cutting tool into it. See lathe.
- waterjet cutting
waterjet cutting
Fine, high-pressure (up to 50,000 psi or greater), high-velocity jet of water directed by a small nozzle to cut material. Velocity of the stream can exceed twice the speed of sound. Nozzle opening ranges from between 0.004" to 0.016" (0.l0mm to 0.41mm), producing a very narrow kerf. See AWJ, abrasive waterjet.
- wire EDM
wire EDM
Process similar to ram electrical-discharge machining except a small-diameter copper or brass wire is used as a traveling electrode. Usually used in conjunction with a CNC and only works when a part is to be cut completely through. A common analogy is wire electrical-discharge machining is like an ultraprecise, electrical, contour-sawing operation.
- work envelope
work envelope
Cube, sphere, cylinder or other physical space within which the cutting tool is capable of reaching.
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